Robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy with preceptor's assistance: the training experience and outcomes in South America.

Prostate cancer is currently the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Brazilian men. In 2020, sixty-five thousand new prostate cancer cases were expected in Brazil, and almost 30% of these patients are estimated to be from the northeast region. However, from 75 robotic platforms available in the country, only one is accessible in the state of Ceará since 2015. This study reports the intraoperative, functional, and oncological outcomes of patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer performed by robotic surgeons during a training period supervised by a proctor. We also compared these results with the literature reporting the experience of different Brazilian centers. We retrospectively analyzed prospectively collected data of 58 initial cases of robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy at a private Brazilian hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará. The surgeries were performed by two robotic surgeons during the training period under proctor supervision. We reported the epidemiological and intraoperative data, complications, pathological report, functional and oncological outcomes. The median operative time was 180 min. None of the patients needed conversion or blood transfusion. The pathology report described 21.81% of positive surgical margins (16.27% of all pT2 and 45.45% of all pT3 patients). The median follow-up was 40 months. Biochemical recurrence occurred in 21.73%, continence in 92%, and potency in 79.54%. No major complications (Clavien grades III-V) were reported. In our experience, robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy performed by surgeons training with proctor's assistance is feasible and safe. The operative time, complication rates, functional and oncological outcomes were satisfactory and compatible with the literature.

Remoçäo percutânea de cálculo em ureter de rim transplantado em paciente grávida / Percutaneous removal of an ureteral calculous from a transplanted kidney in a pregnant patient

We report a case of nephro-ureteral lithiasis causing obstruction in a pregnant woman at 23 weeks of gestation, treated successfully by percutaneous surgery. The kidney was punctured and dilated to 18 Fr. The ureter was antegrade accessed with a rigid ureteroscope (11.5 Fr) and the calculous was fragmented and retrieved with stone forceps. A double-J cateter was left in place and a nephrostomy tube was placed. The patient did well and the pregnancy was uneventful until a health newborn at term

Complicaçöes cirúrgicas pós-transplantes renais: análise de 356 casos / Surgical complications of renal post-transplantations: analysis of the 356 cases

No período de dezembro de 1977 a setembro de 1995 foram realizados 400 transplantes renais (Tx-r), dos quais 356 foram analisados retrospectivamente, com a finalidade de avaliar a incidência de complicaçöes cirúrgicas, classificadas em urológicas, vascularese e gerais (hematomas, abscessos perienxerto, ferida operatória). Para verificar possíveis modificaçöes no perfil de incidência dessas complicaçöes no decorrer do programa de Tx-r, dois grupos de pacientes foram analisados e comparados: G1 (os primeiros 200 Tx-r) G2 (de 201 a 400 Tx-r). Na análise global, observou-se que a complicaçäo mais frequente foi a urológica (10,7 por cento), seguida de hematoma ou abscesso perienxerto (5 por cento), complicaçöes de ferida operatória (5 por cento) e vasculares (4,5 por cento). As complicaçöes urológicas e vasculares mais incidentes foram: fístula ureteral (8,1 por cento) e estenose arterial (1,7 por cento). Analisando-se separadamente os grupos, foi encontrada reduçäo estatisticamente significativa do índice de fístula urinária e estenose arterial (G1 = 11,7 por cento, G2 = 4,5 por cento - p = 0,012, G1 = 2,8 por cento, G2 = 0,6 por cento - p < 0,001, respectivamente). Nossos dados demonstram a importância da utilizaçäo de esteróides em baixas dosagens no protocolo de imunossupressäo e o aprimoramento da técnica operatória como redutores do índice de complicaçöes cirúrgicas dos Tx-r